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js獲取及判斷鍵盤按鍵的方法
編輯:關於JavaScript     

本文實例講述了js獲取及判斷鍵盤按鍵的方法。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:

js 裡面的鍵盤事件經常用到,所以收集了鍵盤事件對應的鍵碼來分享下:

keyCode 8 = BackSpace BackSpace
keyCode 9 = Tab Tab
keyCode 12 = Clear
keyCode 13 = Enter
keyCode 16 = Shift_L
keyCode 17 = Control_L
keyCode 18 = Alt_L
keyCode 19 = Pause
keyCode 20 = Caps_Lock
keyCode 27 = Escape Escape
keyCode 32 = space
keyCode 33 = Prior
keyCode 34 = Next
keyCode 35 = End
keyCode 36 = Home
keyCode 37 = Left
keyCode 38 = Up
keyCode 39 = Right
keyCode 40 = Down
keyCode 41 = Select
keyCode 42 = Print
keyCode 43 = Execute
keyCode 45 = Insert
keyCode 46 = Delete
keyCode 47 = Help
keyCode 48 = 0 equal braceright
keyCode 49 = 1 exclam onesuperior
keyCode 50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperior
keyCode 51 = 3 section threesuperior
keyCode 52 = 4 dollar
keyCode 53 = 5 percent
keyCode 54 = 6 ampersand
keyCode 55 = 7 slash braceleft
keyCode 56 = 8 parenleft bracketleft
keyCode 57 = 9 parenright bracketright
keyCode 65 = a A
keyCode 66 = b B
keyCode 67 = c C
keyCode 68 = d D
keyCode 69 = e E EuroSign
keyCode 70 = f F
keyCode 71 = g G
keyCode 72 = h H
keyCode 73 = i I
keyCode 74 = j J
keyCode 75 = k K
keyCode 76 = l L
keyCode 77 = m M mu
keyCode 78 = n N
keyCode 79 = o O
keyCode 80 = p P
keyCode 81 = q Q at
keyCode 82 = r R
keyCode 83 = s S
keyCode 84 = t T
keyCode 85 = u U
keyCode 86 = v V
keyCode 87 = w W
keyCode 88 = x X
keyCode 89 = y Y
keyCode 90 = z Z
keyCode 96 = KP_0 KP_0
keyCode 97 = KP_1 KP_1
keyCode 98 = KP_2 KP_2
keyCode 99 = KP_3 KP_3
keyCode 100 = KP_4 KP_4
keyCode 101 = KP_5 KP_5
keyCode 102 = KP_6 KP_6
keyCode 103 = KP_7 KP_7
keyCode 104 = KP_8 KP_8
keyCode 105 = KP_9 KP_9
keyCode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply
keyCode 107 = KP_Add KP_Add
keyCode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separator
keyCode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract
keyCode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal
keyCode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Divide
keyCode 112 = F1
keyCode 113 = F2
keyCode 114 = F3
keyCode 115 = F4
keyCode 116 = F5
keyCode 117 = F6
keyCode 118 = F7
keyCode 119 = F8
keyCode 120 = F9
keyCode 121 = F10
keyCode 122 = F11
keyCode 123 = F12
keyCode 124 = F13
keyCode 125 = F14
keyCode 126 = F15
keyCode 127 = F16
keyCode 128 = F17
keyCode 129 = F18
keyCode 130 = F19
keyCode 131 = F20
keyCode 132 = F21
keyCode 133 = F22
keyCode 134 = F23
keyCode 135 = F24
keyCode 136 = Num_Lock
keyCode 137 = Scroll_Lock
keyCode 187 = acute grave
keyCode 188 = comma semicolon
keyCode 189 = minus underscore
keyCode 190 = period colon
keyCode 192 = numbersign apostrophe
keyCode 210 = plusminus hyphen macron
keyCode 211 =
keyCode 212 = copyright registered
keyCode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotright
keyCode 214 = masculine ordfeminine
keyCode 215 = ae AE
keyCode 216 = cent yen
keyCode 217 = questiondown exclamdown
keyCode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarters
keyCode 220 = less greater bar
keyCode 221 = plus asterisk asciitilde
keyCode 227 = multiply division
keyCode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflex
keyCode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflex
keyCode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflex
keyCode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflex
keyCode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflex
keyCode 233 = ntilde Ntilde
keyCode 234 = yacute Yacute
keyCode 235 = oslash Ooblique
keyCode 236 = aring Aring
keyCode 237 = ccedilla Ccedilla
keyCode 238 = thorn THORN
keyCode 239 = eth ETH
keyCode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currency
keyCode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atilde
keyCode 242 = egrave Egrave
keyCode 243 = igrave Igrave
keyCode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otilde
keyCode 245 = ugrave Ugrave
keyCode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresis
keyCode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresis
keyCode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresis
keyCode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresis
keyCode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresis
keyCode 251 = ssharp question backslash
keyCode 252 = asciicircum degree
keyCode 253 = 3 sterling
keyCode 254 = Mode_switch

使用event對象的keyCode屬性判斷輸入的鍵值

eg:復制代碼 代碼如下:if(event.keyCode==13)alert("enter!");

鍵值對應表

A  0X65  U   0X85
B  0X66  V   0X86
C  0X67  W   0X87
D  0X68  X   0X88
E  0X69  Y   0X89
F  0X70  Z   0X90
G  0X71  0   0X48
H  0X72  1   0X49
I  0X73  2   0X50
J  0X74  3   0X51
K  0X75  4   0X52
L  0X76  5   0X53
M  0X77  6   0X54
N  0X78  7   0X55
O  0X79  8   0X56
P  0X80  9   0X57
Q  0X81 ESC  0X1B
R  0X82 CTRL  0X11
S  0X83 SHIFT 0X10
T  0X84 ENTER 0XD

如果要使用組合鍵,則可以判斷是否同時按下了這幾個鍵,比如ctrl鍵、shift鍵以及alt鍵的組合使用就可以判斷是否多按下了ctrl鍵、shift鍵以及alt鍵

js獲取鍵盤事件:

<script type="text/javascript" language=JavaScript charset="UTF-8">
document.onkeydown=function(event){
  var e = event || window.event || arguments.callee.caller.arguments[0];
  if(e && e.keyCode==27){ // 按 Esc 
    //要做的事情
   }
  if(e && e.keyCode==113){ // 按 F2 
     //要做的事情
    }      
   if(e && e.keyCode==13){ // enter 鍵
     //要做的事情
  }
}; 
</script>

只要你定義了這些鍵的動作,你在浏覽器裡按下這些鍵就會響應,兼容目前所有浏覽器。

JS判斷鍵盤按鍵

window.document.onkeydown = disableRefresh;
function disableRefresh(evt){
evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event
if (evt.keyCode) {
  if(evt.keyCode == 116){
   //do something
  }
}
}

鍵碼同上例所示。

使用event對象的keyCode屬性判斷輸入的鍵值

eg:

if(event.keyCode==13){
var ieKey=event.keyCode;//獲得鍵值,數字形式的
var realkey=String.fromCharCode(ieKey) //將數字形式的鍵值轉化為真實的按鍵
alert(realkey);
}

鍵值對應表同上例所示

希望本文所述對大家JavaScript程序設計有所幫助。

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