在做項目時有一個需求，是需要復制內容到剪切板，因為有眾多浏覽器，所以要兼容性很重要。
1、最簡單的copy，只能在IE下使用
使用clipboardData方法
<script type="text/javascript">
function copy(){
window.clipboardData.setData("text",document.getElementById("name").value);
alert("The text is on the clipboard, try to paste it!");
}
</script>
2、跨浏覽器的，但是Firefox無法復制
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function CopyToClipboard () {
var input = document.getElementById ("toClipboard");
var textToClipboard = input.value;
var success = true;
if (window.clipboardData) { // Internet Explorer
window.clipboardData.setData ("Text", textToClipboard);
}
else {
// create a temporary element for the execCommand method
var forExecElement = CreateElementForExecCommand (textToClipboard);
/* Select the contents of the element
(the execCommand for 'copy' method works on the selection) */
SelectContent (forExecElement);
var supported = true;
// UniversalXPConnect privilege is required for clipboard access in Firefox
try {
if (window.netscape && netscape.security) {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege ("UniversalXPConnect");
}
// Copy the selected content to the clipboard
// Works in Firefox and in Safari before version 5
success = document.execCommand ("copy", false, null);
}
catch (e) {
success = false;
}
// remove the temporary element
document.body.removeChild (forExecElement);
}
if (success) {
alert ("The text is on the clipboard, try to paste it!");
}
else {
alert ("Your browser doesn't allow clipboard access!");
}
}
function CreateElementForExecCommand (textToClipboard) {
var forExecElement = document.createElement ("div");
// place outside the visible area
forExecElement.style.position = "absolute";
forExecElement.style.left = "-10000px";
forExecElement.style.top = "-10000px";
// write the necessary text into the element and append to the document
forExecElement.textContent = textToClipboard;
document.body.appendChild (forExecElement);
// the contentEditable mode is necessary for the execCommand method in Firefox
forExecElement.contentEditable = true;
return forExecElement;
}
function SelectContent (element) {
// first create a range
var rangeToSelect = document.createRange ();
rangeToSelect.selectNodeContents (element);
// select the contents
var selection = window.getSelection ();
selection.removeAllRanges ();
selection.addRange (rangeToSelect);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input id="toClipboard" value="text to clipboard"/>
<button onclick='CopyToClipboard ()'>Copy text to clipboard</button>
</body>
測試後，Firefox訪問失敗
3、萬能的flash
不要重復造輪子了，有一個使用廣泛的類庫ZeroClipboard
Zero Clipboard 的實現原理
Zero Clipboard 利用 Flash 進行復制，之前有 Clipboard Copy 解決方案，其利用的是一個隱藏的 Flash。但最新的 Flash Player 10 只允許在 Flash 上進行操作才能啟動剪貼板。所以 Zero Clipboard 對此進行了改進，用了一個透明的 Flash ，讓其漂浮在按鈕之上，這樣其實點擊的不是按鈕而是 Flash ，也就可以使用 Flash 的復制功能了。
創建一個透明的flash
將這個flash浮在按鈕上層
確定要復制的文本是什麼
監聽這個透明flash的鼠標點擊事件
該flash被點擊之後，完成剪切板處理
對於這幾件事，ZeroClipboard分別提供了不同的api，來完成整個需求
如何使用 Zero Clipboard
git clone https://github.com/chenpingzhao/easycopy.git
關於ZeroClipboard.js
var ZeroClipboard = {
version: "1.0.7",
clients: {},
moviePath: "zeroclipboard.swf",
nextId: 1,
$: function(A) {
if (typeof(A) == "string") {
A = document.getElementById(A)
}
if (!A.addClass) {
A.hide = function() {
this.style.display = "none"
};
A.show = function() {
this.style.display = ""
};
A.addClass = function(B) {
this.removeClass(B);
this.className += " " + B
};
A.removeClass = function(D) {
var E = this.className.split(/\s+/);
var B = -1;
for (var C = 0; C < E.length; C++) {
if (E[C] == D) {
B = C;
C = E.length
}
}
if (B > -1) {
E.splice(B, 1);
this.className = E.join(" ")
}
return this
};
A.hasClass = function(B) {
return !!this.className.match(new RegExp("\\s*" + B + "\\s*"))
}
}
return A
},
setMoviePath: function(A) {
this.moviePath = A
},
dispatch: function(D, B, C) {
var A = this.clients[D];
if (A) {
A.receiveEvent(B, C)
}
},
register: function(B, A) {
this.clients[B] = A
},
getDOMObjectPosition: function(C, A) {
var B = {
left: 0,
top: 0,
width: C.width ? C.width : C.offsetWidth,
height: C.height ? C.height : C.offsetHeight
};
while (C && (C != A)) {
B.left += C.offsetLeft;
B.top += C.offsetTop;
C = C.offsetParent
}
return B
},
Client: function(A) {
this.handlers = {};
this.id = ZeroClipboard.nextId++;
this.movieId = "ZeroClipboardMovie_" + this.id;
ZeroClipboard.register(this.id, this);
if (A) {
this.glue(A)
}
}
};
ZeroClipboard.Client.prototype = {
id: 0,
ready: false,
movie: null,
clipText: "",
handCursorEnabled: true,
cssEffects: true,
handlers: null,
//我們可以通過下面這個api，將flash和按鈕重疊，且浮在按鈕之上
glue: function(D, B, E) {
this.domElement = ZeroClipboard.$(D);
var F = 99;
if (this.domElement.style.zIndex) {
F = parseInt(this.domElement.style.zIndex, 10) + 1
}
if (typeof(B) == "string") {
B = ZeroClipboard.$(B)
} else {
if (typeof(B) == "undefined") {
B = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0]
}
}
var C = ZeroClipboard.getDOMObjectPosition(this.domElement, B);
this.div = document.createElement("div");
var A = this.div.style;
A.position = "absolute";
A.left = "" + C.left + "px";
A.top = "" + C.top + "px";
A.width = "" + C.width + "px";
A.height = "" + C.height + "px";
A.zIndex = F;
if (typeof(E) == "object") {
for (addedStyle in E) {
A[addedStyle] = E[addedStyle]
}
}
B.appendChild(this.div);
this.div.innerHTML = this.getHTML(C.width, C.height)
},
/*IE 的 Flash JavaScript 通信接口上有一個 bug 。
你必須插入一個 object 標簽到一個已存在的 DOM 元素中。並且在寫入 innerHTML 之前請確保該元素已經 appendChild 方法插入到 DOM 中*/
getHTML: function(D, A) {
var C = "";
var B = "id=" + this.id + "&width=" + D + "&height=" + A;
if (navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE/)) {
var E = location.href.match(/^https/i) ? "https://" : "http://";
C += '<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="' + E + 'download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" width="' + D + '" height="' + A + '" id="' + this.movieId + '" align="middle"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="false" /><param name="movie" value="' + ZeroClipboard.moviePath + '" /><param name="loop" value="false" /><param name="menu" value="false" /><param name="quality" value="best" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff" /><param name="flashvars" value="' + B + '"/><param name="wmode" value="transparent"/></object>'
} else {
C += '<embed id="' + this.movieId + '" src="' + ZeroClipboard.moviePath + '" loop="false" menu="false" quality="best" bgcolor="#ffffff" width="' + D + '" height="' + A + '" name="' + this.movieId + '" align="middle" allowScriptAccess="always" allowFullScreen="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" flashvars="' + B + '" wmode="transparent" />'
}
return C
},
hide: function() {
if (this.div) {
this.div.style.left = "-2000px"
}
},
show: function() {
this.reposition()
},
destroy: function() {
if (this.domElement && this.div) {
this.hide();
this.div.innerHTML = "";
var A = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];
try {
A.removeChild(this.div)
} catch (B) {}
this.domElement = null;
this.div = null
}
},
/* 因為按鈕上漂浮有一個 Flash 按鈕，所以當頁面大小發生變化時，Flash 按鈕可能會錯位，就點不著了
Zero Clipboard 提供了一個 reposition() 方法，可以重新計算 Flash 按鈕的位置。我們可以將它綁定到 resize 事件上
bind(window, "resize", function(){ clip.reposition(); });
function bind(obj, type, fn) {
if (obj.attachEvent) {
obj['e' + type + fn] = fn;
obj[type + fn] = function() {
obj['e' + type + fn](window.event);
}
obj.attachEvent('on' + type, obj[type + fn]);
} else
obj.addEventListener(type, fn, false);
}*/
reposition: function(C) {
if (C) {
this.domElement = ZeroClipboard.$(C);
if (!this.domElement) {
this.hide()
}
}
if (this.domElement && this.div) {
var B = ZeroClipboard.getDOMObjectPosition(this.domElement);
var A = this.div.style;
A.left = "" + B.left + "px";
A.top = "" + B.top + "px"
}
},
setText: function(A) {
this.clipText = A;
if (this.ready) {
this.movie.setText(A)
}
},
addEventListener: function(A, B) {
A = A.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^on/, "");
if (!this.handlers[A]) {
this.handlers[A] = []
}
this.handlers[A].push(B)
},
setHandCursor: function(A) {
this.handCursorEnabled = A;
if (this.ready) {
this.movie.setHandCursor(A)
}
},
/*鼠標移到按鈕上或點擊時，由於有 Flash 按鈕的遮擋，所以像 css ":hover", ":active" 等偽類可能會失效。
setCSSEffects() 方法就是解決這個問題。首先我們需要將偽類改成類
copy - botton: hover {
border - color: #FF6633;
}
可以改成下面的 ":hover" 改成 ".hover"
copy - botton.hover {
border - color: #FF6633;
}
我們可以調用 clip.setCSSEffects( true ); 這樣 Zero Clipboard 會自動為我們處理：將類 .hover 當成偽類 :hover*/
setCSSEffects: function(A) {
this.cssEffects = !! A
},
/*Zero Clipboard 提供了一些事件，你可以自定義函數處理這些事件。
Zero Clipboard 事件處理函數為 addEventListener(); 例如當 Flash 完全載入後會觸發一個事件 "load"
clip.addEventListener( "load", function(client) {
alert("Flash 加載完畢！");
});*/
receiveEvent: function(D, E) {
D = D.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^on/, "");
switch (D) {
case "load":
this.movie = document.getElementById(this.movieId);
if (!this.movie) {
var C = this;
setTimeout(function() {
C.receiveEvent("load", null)
}, 1);
return
}
if (!this.ready && navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox/) && navigator.userAgent.match(/Windows/)) {
var C = this;
setTimeout(function() {
C.receiveEvent("load", null)
}, 100);
this.ready = true;
return
}
this.ready = true;
this.movie.setText(this.clipText);
this.movie.setHandCursor(this.handCursorEnabled);
break;
case "mouseover":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.domElement.addClass("hover");
if (this.recoverActive) {
this.domElement.addClass("active")
}
}
break;
case "mouseout":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.recoverActive = false;
if (this.domElement.hasClass("active")) {
this.domElement.removeClass("active");
this.recoverActive = true
}
this.domElement.removeClass("hover")
}
break;
case "mousedown":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.domElement.addClass("active")
}
break;
case "mouseup":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.domElement.removeClass("active");
this.recoverActive = false
}
break
}
if (this.handlers[D]) {
for (var B = 0, A = this.handlers[D].length; B < A; B++) {
var F = this.handlers[D][B];
if (typeof(F) == "function") {
F(this, E)
} else {
if ((typeof(F) == "object") && (F.length == 2)) {
F[0][F[1]](this, E)
} else {
if (typeof(F) == "string") {
window[F](this, E)
}
}
}
}
}
}
};
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Javascript復制實例詳解，希望對大家有所幫助。